Organizational Behavior

Introduction
Organizational Behavior is a topic about how to deal with human challenges in the workplace.

Solving Organizational Problems

 * 1) Problem Identification and Definition
 * 2) Analysis
 * 3) Action Planning

Problem Identification and Definition

 * Real Problems vs Symptoms
 * Unless the real problems is solved, the headaches will come back again and again.


 * Want Got Gaps
 * The gap between what the manage want and what the mange got.
 * The situation that ought to be occurring
 * The situation that actually occurring


 * Level of Problems
 * 1) Within or between certain people
 * 2) Within or between groups
 * 3) Within or between organization

Analysis

 * Keep asking why until you fully understand the chain of the causes, from the symptoms to the root cause.

Action Planning

 * Formulate an Action Plan
 * 1) Set specific goals
 * 2) Identify activities and resources, and define responsibilities
 * 3) Set time table
 * 4) Identify risks, plan for contingencies
 * 5) Formulate a detailed plan of actions (with schedule).
 * 6) Implement the plan, supervise execution, and evaluate outcomes

Psychology

 * Cognitive process
 * (from external events to individual's behavior)
 * 1) External Events
 * 2) Perceptions
 * 3) Individual's Assumptions + Expectations + Beliefs + Value + Defense Mechanism + Experience + Knowledge + Personality + ...
 * 4) Feelings and Conclusion
 * 5) Behavior:  Doing, Saying, or Moving

Reference:
 * The APCFB Model

Motivation

 * Some Terminology
 * Motivators / Satisfiers
 * (e.g. promotion)
 * Dissatisfiers / Maintenance Factors
 * (a safe place to work)

Expectancy Theory of Motivation

 * Factors of Motivation
 * Expectation of Work will lead to Performance
 * (motivation is high... if amount of effort is proportional to the performance)
 * (motivation is low... if no matter how you work, the performance is low)
 * Expectation Performance will lead to Reward
 * (motivation is high... if high performance lead to high reward)
 * Value of Reward
 * (motivation is high... if value of reward is high)

Effort -> Performance -> Reward

Needs

 * Behavior is motivated by the urge to satisfy needs.


 * Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
 * 1) Physiological (water, food, sleep, ...)
 * 2) Safety (health, property, ...)
 * 3) Belonging (family, friendship, ...)
 * 4) Esteem (respect of others, respect by others, ...)
 * 5) Self-Actualization (morality, self fulfillment, ...)


 * McClelland's Theory of Need
 * Need for achievement
 * Need for power
 * Need for affiliation